Topical and Sectoral Studies

Contents (PDF/1.91MB)

Cover

Foreword / Abbreviations / Summary (PDF/345KB)

Introduction: Overview of the Study (PDF/1.02MB)
Overview of this Case Study

• 1. Background of the study
• 2. Objectives of the study
• 3. Scope and substance of the study
• 4. Structure of the report
• 5. Framework of the Study and List of Contributors to the Report

Chapter 1 Issues being Discussed concerning Decentralisation in Africa (PDF/298KB)

• 1-1 What are the issues deriving from decentralisation?
• 1-2 Why implement “decentralisation” in Africa?
  • 1-2-1 First wave: 1950s – : post colonial independence
  • 1-2-2 Second wave: end of the 1960s, 1970s – : new belief in value of participation and rural development
  • 1-2-3 Third wave: 1990s – : turnaround from the misgovernment of structural adjustment policies in the 1980s
  • 1-2-4 Position of decentralisation in each country’s historical and social background
• 1-3 What are the notable characteristics of local governments in Africa?
  • 1-3-1 Characteristics related to the population sizes covered by local governments
  • 1-3-2 Characteristics related to the expenditures of local governments
  • 1-3-3 Characteristics related to the revenues of local governments
• 1-4 What does the decentralisation aim at eventually? : The analytical framework of this study
  • 1-4-1 Effectiveness: Providing services that respond to the local needs
  • 1-4-2 Efficiency: Maximising the efficiency of administrative services
  • 1-4-3 Accountability: A responsibility to provide adequate information and explanations in a form to be trusted by the citizens
  • 1-4-4 Equity: Fair distribution to the poor and equality among different regions
  • 1-4-5 Analytical framework of decentralisation in this study

Chapter 2 Overview and Analysis of Decentralisation in the Three Countries (PDF/801KB)

• 2-1 Introduction
• 2-2 Revisiting decentralisation in Uganda (Fumihiko Saito)
  • 2-2-1 Introduction
  • 2-2-2 LC System and Policy Framework
  • 2-2-3 Political background of decentralisation
  • 2-2-4 Discussion Of Public Opinion Surveys
  • 2-2-5 Improved services delivery
  • 2-2-6 Improved linkages among various government levels
  • 2-2-7 Human and financial resources as enabling factors
  • 2-2-8 NRM and neo-patrimonialism
  • 2-2-9 Shift from non-party to multiparty democracy
  • 2-2-10 Conclusions
• 2-3 The Progress of Decentralisation in Tanzania (Masao Yoshida).
  • 2-3-1 The socio-political context of Tanzania and the circumstances surroundingdecentralisation
  • 2-3-2 Administrative developments for decentralisation
  • 2-3-3 Progress made in the devolution of financial power, and local processes for formulating development plans
  • 2-3-4 Devolution of service implementation
  • 2-3-5 Various problems as seen from the perspective of service delivery: conclusion
• 2-4 Decentralisation and the centralised structure of Kenya (Yuichi Sasaoka)
  • 2-4-1 Introduction
  • 2-4-2 Characteristics of a "centralised structure"
  • 2-4-3 Political groups promoting CDF and LATF
  • 2-4-4 Undevolved service delivery (primary education)
  • 2-4-5 Conclusion: What kinds of improvements are necessary?
• 2-5 Cross-country Overview – Characteristics of local administration and decentralisation reforms in the three countries derived from a comparative analysis
  • 2-5-1 Similarities and differences in the background to the three cases
  • 2-5-2 Noteworthy reforms experienced in Uganda
  • 2-5-3 Mainstreaming of the participatory local development planning process
  • 2-5-4 Issue of local finance and grants
  • 2-5-5 Decentralisation of human resources management.
  • 2-5-6 Role of the Regions/Provinces in the decentralisation reforms
  • 2-5-7 Issues related to the local councils
  • 2-5-8 Characteristics of each sector’s service delivery systems
  • 2-5-9 Between the ideal of D by D and the reality – decentralisation and sector administration

Chapter 3 How to Understand Decentralisation in Africa (PDF/370KB)

• 3-1 Introduction
• 3-2 Decentralisation Reforms in Africa – Evaluation and lessons learned from the perspective of improving service delivery to the people (outcome)
  • 3-2-1 Before arguing “how to decentralise”: Decentralisation itself is not an objective but a means to achieve something
  • 3-2-2 From the perspective of effectiveness
  • 3-2-3 From the perspective of efficiency
  • 3-2-4 From the perspective of accountability.
  • 3-2-5 From the perspective of equity
• 3-3 Systemic analysis framework and important check points for analysis of the local administration system as well as the decentralisation reforms of different countries
  • 3-3-1 Check points on the structure of administrative system (CG-LG relationships, service delivery systems in different sectors)
  • 3-3-2 Check points on the relationship between decentralisation reforms and the national context and development goals at the national level
  • 3-3-3 Check points on the relationship between local communities/residents and local administration
  • 3-3-4 Epilogue: How to use the "Systemic Analysis Framework"?

Chapter 4 Decentralisation and Development Assistance in Africa (PDF/264KB)

• 4-1 Characteristics of JICA’s Rural Development Projects/Programmes
  • 4-1-1 Categorisation of Projects/Programmes to be Reviewed
  • 4-1-2 Review of JICA Projects/Programmes by Category
• 4-2 Support for rural development based on local administrative systems
  • 4-2-1 Issues around rural development approaches seen from the local administration system
  • 4-2-2 Selection of the intervention approach in relation to the local administration/ government system
• 4-3 Approaches to support for decentralisation reforms
  • 4-3-1 Significance of support for decentralisation reforms
  • 4-3-2 Approaches to support for decentralisation reforms
• 4-4 Decentralisation support and specific methods of assistance
  • 4-4-1 Areas for support and methods of assistance
  • 4-4-2 Recommendations on future assistance for decentralisation reform by Japan

Appendix: JICA Project Information (PDF/170KB)

• 1. Project for the Improvement of Health Service with a Focus on Safe Motherhood in the Kisii and Kericho Districts
• 2. Tanzania Morogoro Health Project
• 3. Sokoine University of Agriculture, Centre for Sustainable Rural Development
• 4. Local Government Capacity Development Support Programme, Tanzania
• 5. Capacity Development Programme for Provision of Decentralised Services, Zambia
• 6. The Regional Development Programme in Nyando District and Homa-Bay District, Kenya
• 7. Integrated Human Development Programme, Ghana

References

Attachment: Systemic Analysis Framework (PDF/288KB)

• 1. Structure of administrative system (central-local government relationships, service delivery systems in different sectors)
• 2. Relationship to the national context and development goals at the national level
• 3. Relationship between local communities/residents and the local administration