There is a long history between JICA and Liberia. In 1976, JICA started to accept Liberian personnel for training in Japan. Moreover, JICA implemented technical cooperation including dispatch of JOCV (Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteer) and grant aid. In April 1990, JICA halted its activities due to the civil unrest. In June 2007 after 18 years of absence, JICA resumed its cooperation to Liberia, and in January 2009, JICA opens its field office to enhance bilateral assistance to Liberia.
In 2007, as the result of the policy dialogue between Liberian and Japanese Government, Japanese Government determined to concentrate its assistance on "Rehabilitation of Infrastructure and Deliver Basic Services", the Pillar 4 of the Liberian Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) for medium term. Based on this policy, JICA has been implementing the following programs.