Ex-post Evaluation

1. Outline of the Project

Country:

Indonesia

Project title:

The Project for Equipment Supply to TV Training Center

Issue/Sector:

Broadcasting

Cooperation Scheme:

Grant Aid

Division in Charge:

Grant Aid Management Department

Total Cost:

Grant 497 Million Yen (E/N amount)

Period of Cooperation

FY 1997, FY 1998

Partner Country’s Implementing Organization:

The Television Training Center (TVTC)

Supporting Organization in Japan:

Related Cooperation:

In-country Training "Maintenance of TV Transmitters"
Grant Aid "Provision of Program Software to State TV Stations in Indonesia "

1-1 Background of the Project

Since there is so much diversity in terms of race, language and culture in Indonesia, giving all the people a sense of national unity has been an important government policy, and broadcasting has long been regarded as an important means of achieving this goal.

The Television Training Center (TVTC) is responsible for the professional training of the staff of the state owned Television Republic Indonesia (TVRI). TVTC's facilities and equipment were set up with assistance from former West Germany in 1980, but since then, the equipment has not been updated and, therefore, is becoming an obstacle to the training.

Under such circumstances, the Indonesian government developed" the Project for Equipment Supply to TV Training Center", and requested grant aid from Japan to provide the training equipment necessary to realize this plan.

1-2 Project Overview

Upgrading and maintenance of TVTC's aging training equipment were carried out to contribute to human resources development in TVRI through activating training activities in TVTC.

(1) Overall Goal
TVRI functions efficiently, broadcasting nationwide health and family-planning programs that are produced locally in order to correct regional gaps and promote mutual understanding among the different ethnic groups. In the end, programming contributes to the promotion of the national development plan.

(2) Project Purpose
Training activities in TVTC are continued and activated by upgrading and maintaining TVTC's aging training equipment. Also, employees in TVRI are trained.

(3) Outputs
1) To Contribute to the training of staff working in 13 state TV stations in Indonesia.
2) The constraints of the training program are eliminated, so that fulfilling training is possible.
3) TVTC is able to set up new training courses reflecting TVRI staff's needs.
4) TVTC plays a pioneering role in new technology (digitization of equipment) to further its progress.

(4) Inputs

Japanese side:

Grant 497 Million Yen (E/N amount)

2. Evaluation Team

Members of Evaluation Team

Team Leader (Supervision of the field study): Yuji OTAKE, ICA Indonesia Office
Evaluation planning: Kazuhiro YOSHIDA, Office of Evaluation and Post-project Monitoring, Planning and Evaluation Department, JICA Analysis of post-project evaluation: Kaneyasu IDA, IC Net Ltd.
Analysis of post-project evaluation: Lutfi BAKHTIYAR, Indonesia University)

Period of Evaluation

17 February 2002 – 2 March 2002

Type of Evaluation:

Ex-post Evaluation By Overseas Office

3. Results of Evaluation

3-1 Summary of Evaluation Results

(1) Impact
This survey was unable to ascertain direct impacts on accomplishment of overall goal, since viewing rates and broadcasting coverage rates were unavailable. However, other positive impacts were seen, as follows:
1) TVTC not only offers training, but also participates in producing news, music and entertainment programs in response to requests from the TVRI news station and Jakarta station. Updating equipment through this project enables nonlinear editions (edited by computers) and decreases downtime caused by equipment problems. As a result, although before the project TVTC could produce one 30-minute program every two days, they are currently able to produce a maximum of six programs per day.
2) At implementing this evaluation, not only courses for TVRI, but also basic courses for the general public (students) have been planned for implementation on a trial basis while studios and equipment are not being used.

(2) Sustainability
According to the survey targeting people who completed training (the questionnaire was sent to 35 participants and all of them responded.), 74 percent of the respondents said that the training was very relevant. Also, almost all participants responded that after training their techniques and skills had improved. Even though the courses implemented every year have been determined based on TVRI's requests, there is quite a bit of deference in the number of training sessions every year, with over 300 trainees being accepted yearly. From these indicators, sustainability of project effects is high.

Local stations are currently introducing new equipment and constructing studios. In the cases where local stations have introduced the same type of equipment and studio design as TVTC, technical transfer is smoothly accomplished. However, in the cases where local stations have introduced different types of equipment, the techniques transferred have not been utilized sufficiently.

In the aspects of human resources, personnel retention is extremely high at TVTC. In 1998, there were 24 instructors and 21 in 2002. There were 28 on staff in 1998 and 27 in 2002. Almost all instructors and staff have been remained over 10 years.

In organizational aspects, in 2001, TVTC was reorganized and became a TVRI division responsible for personnel training. Consequently, 11 managers were newly appointed to TVTC from TVRI, so that the organization was strengthened. The introduction of new equipment increased the needs of local stations, and TVTC's training function remains important.

TVTC finances are completely dependent on allocations from TVRI's budget. The budget allocation has more than doubled over the period from 1998 to 2001. On the other hand, allocation of equipment maintenance expenses have decreased 25 percent and allocation of travel and transportation expenses incurred during training have decreased 50 percent. So far, there are no major problems in equipment maintenance, but an increase in necessary training expenses in response to the needs of local stations is desirable. The state budge provides 66 percent of TVRI's budget, and the remaining 34 percent represents business income. Currently, TVRI is a public broadcaster, but it will become an independent corporation in the future. As it is highly likely that the budget provided by the government would be reduced, TVRI has to increase sources of private income.

3-2 Factors that promoted realization of effects

1) Because Equipment has been newly introduced and updated not only at TVTC, but also at local stations, the participants could utilize the techniques on site.
2) Since the retention rate for counterparts is high, course administration is conducted continuously.

3-3 Factors that impeded realization of effects

The training needs at local stations are high, and TVTC has capacity to increase the number of training courses. But the number of courses implemented is constrained due to the limited budget allocated by TVRI.

3-4 Conclusion

The number of training courses implemented by TVTC and the course content has remained sustainable. Furthermore, through the introduction of new equipment, the training was implemented more efficiently. As a result, TVTC has been able to not only offer training, but also to give TVRI and Jakarta station assistance in program production. Also, as the introduction of new equipment and the construction of new studios are taking place in local stations, the effect of training for staff in local stations is enhanced. However, while it is not possible to confirm any impact in the overall goal —“TVRI functions efficiently and broadcasts nationwide TV programs on health and family planning produced by local station in order to correct regional gaps and promote mutual understanding among the different groups”— it does contribute to the promotion of the national development plan.”

3-5 Recommendations

(1) A curriculum that further reflects the needs of local stations should be prepared to raise the effect of training at TVTC.

(2) The training needs at local stations are high, and TVTC has the capacity to implement the training that satisfy the needs. Therefore, TVRI should allocate aa budget for newly-formed/additional training courses

3-6 Lessons Learned

In comporting with a nation which has commercial broadcasters, it is essential to do a comparative study of the means and scale of investment in reference to the training method and systems, and the scale of investment in the training of commercial broadcasters.