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Ex-post Evaluation

Asia

1. Outline of the Project

Country:

Indonesia

Project title:

The Veterinary Drug Control Project

Issue/Sector:

Cooperation Scheme:

Project-Type Technical Cooperation

Division in Charge:

Agricultural Development Cooperation Department

Total Costs:

156 Million yen

Period of Cooperation

(R/D): 1984- 1989
(Extension): 1989- 1991
(F/U): 1994- 1996

Partner Country’s Implementing Organization:

Directorate General of Livestock Production Services, Ministry of Agriculture

Supporting Organization in Japan:

Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

Related Cooperation:

Grant Aid Cooperation (buildings and equipments, JPY0. 96 billion)
Third-Country Training “The Veterinary Drug Quality Control” 1992-1996
Individual Experts “Remanence Analysis” 1991-1993

1-1 Background of the Project

One of the government of Indonesia’s goals in its “third five-year national development plan” (1979-1983) was to raise the living standards in rural villages. One of its measures for achieving this goal is to improve the traditional carbohydrate-centered diet and to revitalize the livestock industry to increase the intake of animal protein with its high nutritive value. However, the lack of sanitation management resulted in the spread of communicable diseases, and impeded further development. For this reason, the government planned to build livestock sanitation centers in each region. In addition, Indonesia needs a regular supply of good veterinary drugs to diagnose, prevent and treat communicable diseases correctly. To this end the government requested technical cooperation from the Japanese government in establishing the Veterinary Drug Assay Laboratory.

1-2 Project Overview

Technology transfer for The Veterinary Drug Assay Laboratory was implemented to introduce and develop systematic quality control techniques to ensure the safety and efficacy of veterinary drugs, focusing on biologics and antibiotics.

(1) Overall Goal
To develop the livestock industry through the reduction of animal diseases, the improvement of productivity, and thus raising living standards in rural areas.

(2) Project Purpose
To use the laboratory to introduce and develop systematic quality control for the safety and efficacy of veterinary drugs (analysis and testing, study and research, training programs, etc), - particularly biologics and antibiotics, in collaboration with related institutions.

(3) Outputs
1) Establishment of legal and technical aspects in the field of veterinary drug administration.
2) Development of research and investigation (quality control) for drug marketing approval.
3) Establishment of a system of testing and inspection of veterinary drugs - particularly biologics and antibiotics.
4) Reproduction and management of experimental animals necessary for the laboratory tests and examinations.
5) Improvement of professional training for drug manufacturers, inspectors and field veterinarians in relation to veterinary drug administration.

(4) Inputs

Japanese Side(Input is the total of Project, Extension and Follow-up period):

Long-term Experts

15

Equipment

460 Million yen

Short-term Experts

54

Local Costs

 

Trainees Received

42

Indonesian Side:

Counterparts

99

Equipment

374 Million yen

Land and Facilities

 

Local Costs

1,200 Million Rp (Approximately 18 Million yen)

2. Evaluation Team

Members of Evaluation Team

JB Haryanto, PT. MISPRAPACIFIC CONSULINDO INTERNATIONAL
Ade Nurdin, PT. MISPRAPACIFIC CONSULINDO INTERNATIONAL

Period of Evaluation

January 14, 2003 – March 14, 2003

Type of Evaluation:

Ex-Post Evaluation by Overseas Office

3. Results of Evaluation

3-1 Summary of Evaluation Results

(1) Impact
From 1998 to 2001, the number and consumption of livestock products increased, and there was considerable progress in the government’s goals of revitalizing the livestock industry and increasing animal protein intake. The number of veterinary drug businesses has increased slowly every year, despite the economic crisis in 1997, and there has been good progress in achieving a steady supply of veterinary drugs and increasing the amount supplied.

The Veterinary Drug Assay Laboratory received ASEAN certification, and is qualified to perform analysis on veterinary drugs manufactured in southeast Asian countries. However, it is difficult to actually conduct such assays requested by other countries due to insufficient staff and a lack of the facilities.

The Veterinary Drug Assay Laboratory is now very reliable, and since 1992 it has provided training to neighboring southeast Asian countries. Most of the training is conducted with funds from JICA, but they also receive financial support from the World Health Organization (WHO) and private funds.

(2) Sustainability
Of the 42 employees who received technical transfer, 13 still remain at the laboratory and work at the technology research center. Among the counterparts, some retired or transferred to other labs, while others are running their own veterinary drug businesses, but almost all are employed in important positions such as directors of veterinary drug inspection laboratories. Of the current 93 employees, 8.6% have Masters degrees or higher academic degrees, 21.5% are veterinarians, and 32.3% are para-veterinarians. But although the transferred technology is being maintained and developed the “zero-growth” policy prevents the laboratory from increasing its employees, and it does not have enough employees to carry out proper drug analysis.

Some of the equipment requires repair and replacement, but they are operating well and are sufficient for the laboratory’s long-term activities. The introduction of new equipment needed for the inspection technology has already been planned. However, there are problems such as a lack of replacement parts and time delays in obtaining the parts.

To establish the legal and technical aspects in the field of veterinary drug administration, the Veterinary Drug Assay Laboratory issue guidelines on veterinary drug inspections every year such as general testing of biological drugs and bacteriological drug. The number of inspections for animal drugs conducted by the laboratory continued to increase after the Project was completed, and the inspection of antibiotics, biologics, and veterinary drug samples exceeded the targeted figure every year. While, the inspection of drug quality is based on the number of collected samples, as this collection activity covered by current budget, since the 1997 economic crisis, the number of samples has decreased yearly. Reproduction of experimental animals necessary for laboratory testing and examinations have continued after the Project, but this activity is also affected by budget problems and the number of reproduced animals fluctuates every year. Despite all this, the Project’s purpose seems to have been largely achieved.

Financially, the laboratory receives its budget from the government, but the budget was cut until 1999 due to the 1997 economic crisis. The laboratory’s budget fluctuates a great deal depending on the government’s economic status, which restricts activities and prevents the laboratory from following through with its plans. Employees are allowed to participate in various training programs, seminars and workshops in order to improve technical knowledge and technology on a continual basis. However, activities are limited by the budget. Since the official fees for examination collected by the Veterinary Drug Assay Laboratory are paid to the public treasury of the Ministry of Agriculture, must be collected by law, and cannot be used at its own discretion.

3-2 Factors that Promoted the Realization of Effects

(1) Factors Concerning the Planning Process
N/A

(2) Factors Concerning the Implementation Process
The laboratory has gained trust on an international scale, as evidenced by its position as an accredited ASEAN institution, and this has supported its development until the present time and enabled it to function as a key research institution for neighboring countries in the field of veterinary drug research.

3-3 Factors that Impeded the Realization of Effects

(1) Factors Concerning the Planning Process
N/A

(2) Factors Concerning the Implementation Process
1) Since the budget allocated by the government of Indonesia is limited, sample tests of veterinary drugs done to monitor quality, the facilities essential for improving inspection technology, effective use of seminar and workshop activities and the number of journals published are all restricted.
2) The government’s “zero growth” policy for organizations prevents the laboratory from hiring more experts and even from securing those it has.

3-4 Conclusion

The Laboratory became an accredited ASEAN institution and has expanded its activities such as providing training regularly to neighboring south Asian countries. The Project goals will be sustained, and the laboratory is building up an important role for itself in the field of livestock production in Indonesia. However, due to budget problems, sample tests of veterinary drugs performed to monitor quality, the facilities essential for improving inspection technology, effective use of seminar and workshop activities and the number of journals published are all restricted.

3-5 Recommendations

(1) The budget is a major restraining factor on the Project’s sustainability. Stabilizing the laboratory’s finances by conducting joint research and affiliating with similar institutes and private companies should be a priority issue.

(2) Technical personnel must be secured to ensure the sustainability of the laboratory.

3-6 Lessons Learned

The Project prioritized the establishment of a certain technical level, and this is continuing successfully even after the Project. However, financial and organizational factors threaten the continuity of the Project’s effect. Future project-type technical cooperation projects should develop a plan that includes activities that will strengthen the implementing institution’s operation and management systems.

3-7 Follow-up Situation

N/A

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