The Project on Capacity Development in Urban Development Sector in Mongolia
Mongolia
January 19, 2010
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
From June 1, 2010 until March 31, 2013
Ministry of Road, Transport, Construction and Urban Development, Ulaanbaatar City
Ulaanbaatar City has a continually increasing population. In 1998, it has around six hundred fifty thousand (650,000); it grew to over one million by 2007— an average annual growth rate of 3.0%.
Generally, rapid population growth leads to urban problems, and Ulaanbaatar City is no exception; housing supply has lagged behind. About 60% of the city's population lives in "ger" areas, the residential areas that do not have basic infrastructure and services. The city's ger areas have continuously expanded as large number of the nation's nomadic population have steadily moved into the city. As a result, urban sprawl has become a concern in Ulaanbaatar. The situation is even worsened by air, soil, and water pollution, which is basically caused by coal, the fuel commonly used for heating. Complicating the problem is the lack of a sufficient sewerage system.
Under such circumstances, the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) conducted "The Study on City Master Plan and Urban Development Program of Ulaanbaatar City (UBMPS)" from 2007 to 2009. UBMPS laid down the socio-economic framework and urban development vision for the city. It projected that the share of Ulaanbaatar's population in Mongolia's total population would increase by 55.5% by 2030, a substantial jump of 37.7% from its 2007 figure, indicating a higher concentration of people in the city. Anticipating the various issues and problems that may be brought about by rapid population growth, UBMPS proposed an urban development system which includes development projects and zoning to realize an ideal urban environment for Ulaanbaatar City.
UBMPS likewise pinpointed and analyzed issues in urban planning laws and other legal tools related to the pursuit of sustainable urban development, as well as emphasized that solutions to Ulaanbaatar's urban problems and issues require the urgent implementation of urban development projects. Some of the major issues in the legal system UBMPS identified are the following:
Realizing the importance of the above issues, the government of Mongolia requested Japan to help it develop a legal system on urban development. Based on this request, JICA agreed to provide a technical assistance grant to Mongolia in the form of this project entitled "The Project on Capacity Development in Urban Development Sector in Mongolia" (MUGCUP), which started in June 2010.
Implementation of urban development projects in Ulaanbaatar city promotes to realize land use and the improvement of living environment according to the Ulaanbaatar urban master plan.
Implementation capacity of development projects of planned areas to realize urban redevelopment according to the Ulaanbaatar urban master plan is enhanced.
1-1 | To review the current overall legal framework and existing individual laws related to urban development such as the urban development law, the land law, the housing law, and the construction law, and identify problems |
1-2 | To review the current situation of urban development in Ulaanbaatar City including the private sector, clarify the urban development project mechanism, and identify the problems |
1-3 | To grasp overall situation of law enforcement in urban development sector and identify problems associated with legal operations |
1-4 | To study Japanese and other countries’ overall legal system for urban development |
1-5 | To formulate the outline of overall legal system for urban development suitable for Mongolia based on its current urban development situation with reference to other countries’ experiences |
1-6 | To identify targeted laws and technical manuals for redevelopment of Ulaanbaatar City to be dealt with in the project |
2-1 | To review the state of implementation of planned area development and redevelopment projects under MRTCUD and Ulaanbaatar City, and identify the issues and problems related to urban development legal system including urban development finance for the project implementation |
2-2 | To monitor the pilot projects under implementation in Ulaanbaatar City and identify the problems through their implementation |
2-3 | To study Japanese laws related to urban development and urban development project system |
2-4 | To formulate the scheme models of planning and implementation of planned area development according to the urban development types such as old apartment reconstruction, ger area redevelopment (from ger to apartment), and land readjustment in ger area |
2-5 | To formulate the policy on revision and development of relevant urban development legal system and related technical guidelines to realize the created scheme models |
2-6 | To formulate drafts of new and revised laws, regulations (implementation guidelines) and technical manuals |
2-7 | To verify the applicability of the drafts of laws, regulations and manuals to the pilot projects implemented in Ulaanbaatar City and finalize the drafts |
3-1 | To analyze the current situation of government agencies in charge of urban development and redevelopment projects in Ulaanbaatar City |
3-2 | To analyze the implementation system and implement projects in Ulaanbaatar City |
3-3 | To formulate the orientation on institutional capacity development including ideal organization and institutional arrangement based on ‘3-2’ to implement the drafts of ‘2-7’ |
3-4 | To prepare the road map for realization of the organization and institutional arrangement formulated in ‘3-3’ |
4-1 | To conduct On-the-Job Training (OJT) through the revision and formulation works on laws, regulations and technical manuals |
4-2 | To implement the training programs in Mongolia and Japan for relevant government officials to promote redevelopment projects in Ulaanbaatar City based on the analysis of ‘3-2’ |
4-3 | To plan and implement dissemination and promotion activities about urban development projects in Ulaanbaatar City |
Japanese Side:
Mongolian Side:
Office space, counterpart personnel