Outline of the Project

Project Name

The Project for Formulation of Comprehensive Flood Control Master Plan in Urbanized River Basins in Chennai

Subject

Water Resources/Disaster Management

Country

India

Date R/D Signed

February 24, 2022

Project Site

Tamil Nadu State and Chennai metropolitan area

Term of Cooperation

March 1, 2022 to March 1, 2024

Implementing Organization

(1) Tamil Nadu Disaster Risk Reduction Agency (TNDRRA)
(2) Tamil Nadu State Water Resources Department (TNWRD)
(3) Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA)
(4) Greater Chennai Corporation (GCC)

Background

India is prone to various natural hazards such as floods, cyclones, droughts, landslides/slope failures, earthquakes and tsunamis, etc. In recent years, the impact of climate change and uncontrolled urbanization have led to an escalation of disaster damage. Of all the hazards that occur in India, floods are considered to cause the greatest amount of damage, with approximately 200 floods occurring between 1995 and 2020, resulting in 38,000 deaths and causing damage of approximately US$70.7 billion.

In 2004, the Indian government established a national disaster management framework, and in 2005 enacted the Disaster Management Act, which requires each state to formulate a disaster management plan. In 2007, the government also formulated guidelines for the preparation of state disaster management plans, which are reviewed as necessary in line with higher-level plans. In response to the "Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030," the Government of India has updated the guidelines, and has set forth a policy for planning in line with four priority actions, based on which state governments are considering measures to promote disaster preparedness, disaster forecasting, and damage mitigation. The Tamil Nadu State Government, which includes the Chennai metropolitan area in the project area, has also developed the "Tamil Nadu State Disaster Management Perspective Plan 2018-2019" that takes into account the Sendai Framework for Disaster Reduction, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, and the priorities of the 10 Agenda of the Prime Minister of India. The plan also includes measures to integrate development planning and disaster mitigation measures, and to invest in disaster prevention infrastructure projects before a natural disaster strikes (proactive investment in disaster prevention) and to accumulate experience and technology to promote projects to reduce disaster risks. However, there is a lack of experience and technology to invest in disaster prevention infrastructure projects before a natural disaster strikes (proactive investment) and to promote projects to reduce disaster risk.

The Chennai metropolitan area has experienced major floods in 1943, 1976, 1985, 1998, 2002, 2005, and 2015, respectively, due to cyclones and heavy rains. In particular, the December 2015 floods claimed 289 lives, inundated a large number of houses (about 500,000), disrupted power and communication services, and halted transportation by air, rail, and road, causing extensive economic damage, including damage to public and private property.

On the other hand, the Chennai metropolitan area does not have an overall master plan for flood control, and as a result, the state government and donors have not been able to implement projects aimed at drastically reducing flood risks, because they have been implementing symptomatic measures based on projects that are easy to start without considering overall optimization. In addition, in the Chennai metropolitan area, development on flat terrain with high flood risk and inhabitants have led to the accumulation of assets in flood plains, increasing the potential for damage from future flooding. Furthermore, recent development has led to a decline in the natural flood control functions that existed in the past.

Under these circumstances, the Chennai metropolitan area urgently needs to elucidate the mechanisms of the diverse and complex complex factors that contribute to urban flooding, formulate a basic flood control policy and a flood control improvement plan, including a flood control philosophy and a flood control safety level, and implement drastic flood control measures in accordance with this plan.

The Overall Goal

Contribute to fundamental flood risk reduction based on a comprehensive Flood Control Master Plan that combines flood control measures in the Chennai metropolitan area in an optimal and systematic manner.

Project Purpose

To contribute to flood risk reduction by formulating a Comprehensive Flood Control Master Plan with an optimal and systematic combination of flood risk reduction measures in Chennai metropolitan area

Output

1. Flood risks in the Chennai metropolitan area are analyzed and the mechanisms of flood cccurrence are clarified
2. A comprehensive flood management master plan for the target watershed will be developed
3. Transfer of technology to facilitate the development of a comprehensive flood management master plan and implementation of disaster risk reduction through project activities

Project Activities

[Stage 1: Basic Study and Data Collection]

1-1	Overview of exisiting policies, strategies, plans and related documents
1-2	Overview of water-related disasters in the subject area
1-3	Collection and organization of basic information
1-4	Review of existing plans, databases and hydrological/hydraulic models for Macro Draingae
1-5	Collection and organization of existing plans and data relating to Micro Drainage
1-6	Supplementary hydrographic cross-sectional and shoreline surveying
1-7	Comprementary riverbed material survey
1-8	DTM preparation
1-9	Survey on the current states of maint
1-10	Basic hydrological analysis
1-11	Development of an integrated flood simulation model considering main channels of Macro Drainage and Micro Drainage
1-12	Preparation of inundation areas map for existing scenarious (cases with no remedial measures and cases where the proposed projects in the existing plan are implemented)
1-13	Evaluation of existing Macro Drainage Systems
1-14	Evaluations of Existing Micro Drainnage Systems
1-15	Review of the coastal managemet
1-16	Analysis of river mouth and shoreline changes
1-17	Review of existing river rehabilitation activities
1-18	Review of the existing water resource development and management plans
1-19	Consideration of appropriate land use plannning, such as identifying areas that may be preserved as natural or artificial detention reservoirs to reduce the prospect of urban development
1-20	Preliminary discussion on flood disaster risk analysis and adaptation strategies for land use, building regulations. etc. From an urban plannning perspective
1-21	Study on flood disaster preparedness, response, and emergency restoration
1-22	Study on flood disaster preparedness, response, and emergency restoration
1-23	Identification of key issues and discussion of directions for improving flood management
1-24	Environmenal/ social consideration baseline survey(apply strategic assessment)

[Stage 2: Development of a Comprehensive Flood Control Master Plan (CFCMP) ]

2-1	Establishment of the objectives and strategies of the Comprehensive Flood Risk Reducation Master Plan
2-2	Establishment of planning objectives and socioeconomic framework
2-3	Establishment of planning conditions
2-4	Planning for river water flood control in the subject river basins
2-5	Reviews of the stormwater draingage framework for Micro Drainage
2-6	Stude on controls over the river mouth blocking
2-7	Survey on environmental/social consideration at the IEE levvel and stude/ comparison of alternative plans in the light of strategic environmental assessment
2-8	Study on the strategies to respond to residual risks from the urban planning
2-9	Proposal for flood disaster proparedness, actions to respond to the disaster, and emergency restoration
2-10	Proposal for implementation structure of the maseter plan
2-11	Evaluation of the master plan

Inputs

Japanese side

1. Short-term experts:
   (1) Team Leader/Flood Risk Management
   (2) Deputy Team Leader /Flood Measure/Water Resoruce Management
   (3) Stormwater Drainage and Management
   (4) Urban Development/Land Use
   (5) Coastal Management
   (6) Hydrology/Hydraulics
   (7) GIS DB/DX Technology
   (8) Survey/Maintenance
   (9) Structual Design
   (10) Procurement
   (11) Disaster Management
   (12) Economic Analysis
   (13) Environmental and Social Considerarions
   
2. Acceptance of trainees
3. Equipment Purchase Digital Terrain Model (DTM), CAD, and others）

Indian side

1. Assignment of the counterpart
2. Provision of services, facilities, and data for project implementation