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Outline of the Project

Name of the Project

The Project for capacity development to establish a national GHG inventory cycle of continuous improvement

Country

Mongolia

The Date signed to start the Project

June 27, 2017

Project Period

November 1, 2017 to October 31, 2021

Implementing Agency

Environment and Climate Fund

Background

Based on the Copenhagen Accord, the government of Mongolia has submitted Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action (NAMA) in January 2010. In October 2015, Mongolia submitted its Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC), which then became the country's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). Even though the level of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions remains significantly low in Mongolia, the carbon intensity is particularly high compared to its neighboring developed countries such as Japan and Korea, and mitigation policy in the energy sector is considered to be especially important. Therefore, continuous preparation and improvement of the GHG inventory is expected to contribute to the promotion of appropriate mitigation actions.

Between 1990 and 2014, Mongolia prepared GHG inventories four times, including their first/second National Communications prepared under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. However, preparations were carried out as individual projects, and the responsible organization changed every time, therefore Mongolia lacks institutional capacity to prepare and improve the GHG inventory on a regular basis. Currently, the Environment and Climate Fund (ECF) under the Ministry of Environment and Tourism (MET) is in process of preparing the inventory for the Third National Communication (TNC).

Since preparation of the GHG inventory is required on a regular basis under the UNFCCC, the need for strengthening inventory systems in Mongolia, including capacity development of the responsible institution is recognized. Based on such background, the government of Mongolia requested JICA for technical assistance in July 2014.

JICA conducted the First survey for technical cooperation for this project in February 2016 followed by the Second survey in March 2017. The Surveys summarized that there is a need for strengthening the capacity to plan and implement the countermeasures for cross-sectoral issues and sectoral issues on the preparation of GHG inventories. With regards to the sectoral issues, since reduction of GHG emissions from energy sector and development of research methods for GHG emissions and removals from grassland were referred in relation to GHG inventory in the draft Action Plan for Implementation of Green Development Policy of Mongolia (2016-2030) led by MET, the energy sector and the Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector were selected as the primary target area for the support.

The project aims to develop the capacity of Mongolia to establish a national GHG inventory cycle of continuous improvement. The Record of Discussion (R/D) of the project was signed between JICA, MET and ECF on June 27th, 2017.

Objectives

Overall Goal:

Regularly improved Greenhouse Gas (GHG) inventory is used for the development of mitigation actions planning and monitoring.

Project Purpose:

The GHG inventory is regularly improved with the cooperation of relevant institutions.

Outputs

  1. Capacity to regularly and continuously improve the GHG inventory system is strengthened.
  2. Capacity to organize issues in the energy sector and systematically improve the inventory is strengthened.
  3. Capacity to organize issues in the Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector and systematically improve the inventory is strengthened.

Activity

Output 1

1-1 Review the current institutional, procedural, and legal arrangements of the GHG inventory and develop a list of issues.
1-2 Conduct a technical review of the previous inventory (methods, assumptions, availability and appropriateness of activity data/emission factor/other parameters) and develop a list of issues
1-3 Review the method and results of the uncertainty assessment and key category analysis of the previous inventory and develop a list of issues.
1-4 Compile the lists of issues developed in Activities 1-1 through 1-3 into a long list and identify potential ways to address each issue.
1-5 Determine the high priority issues from the long list developed in Activity 1-4 that can be addressed through the Project.
1-6 Hold a workshop with relevant institutions (inventory compilers, data providers, technical/scientific experts) to address the issues identified in Activity 1-5 and consider and agree on the improvement method/procedure.
1-7 Develop a GHG inventory improvement plan based on the agreed points in Activity 1-6.
1-8 Conduct inventory improvement activities (for example, improvement of data coverage, methodology, estimation files, revising methods to incorporate mitigation action monitoring parameters) based on the GHG inventory improvement plan developed in Activity 1-7.
1-9 Compile the results of improvement into a report.
1-10 Finalize National Manual of Procedures for preparation of GHG inventories of Mongolia (English, Mongolian) prepared in the previous inventory cycle
1-11 Revise and develop new Memorandum of Understanding between MET/ [ECF] and data providers used in previous inventory preparation as needed.
1-12 Hold a seminar with relevant institutions and other stakeholders to report on the results of improvement
1-13 Identify the gaps in the archiving system and public awareness of GHG inventories and address them.

Output 2

2-1 Determine the high priority Energy sector theme and its priority issues that will be addressed through the Project from the list of issues identified in Activity 1-2
2-2 Identify the relevant institutions (inventory compilers, data providers, technical/scientific experts) in addressing the priority issues determined in Activity 2-1.
2-3 Hold Working Group meetings with the relevant institutions identified in Activity 2-2 to agree on the basic methodologies and necessary data and a research design to address issues, and compile into improvement guidance for priority issues of the Energy sector
2-4 Collect data identified in Activity 2-3 based on the improvement guidance.
2-5 Analyze and compile the data collected in Activity 2-4 and organize them in an inventory format based on the improvement guidance.
2-6 Compile the results of improvements into a report.
2-7 Hold a seminar with relevant institutions and other stakeholders to report on the results of activities based on the improvement guidance. (Combined with Activity 1-12)

Output 3

3-1 Determine the high priority LULUCF research theme and its priority issues that will be addressed through this Project from the list of issues identified in Activity 1-2.
3-2 Identify the relevant institutions (inventory compilers, data providers, technical/scientific experts) in addressing the issues determined in Activity 3-1.
3-3 Hold Working Group meetings with the relevant institutions identified in Activity 3-2 to agree on the basic methodologies and necessary data for the particular category, in addition to the research design, and determine the research framework.
3-4 Consider the research method/procedure, and compile into improvement guidance for priority issues of the LULUCF sector based on the research framework developed in Activity 3-3
3-5 Collect the data needed for estimation of the particular category and organize data into a format appropriate for compiling the inventory, based on the improvement guidance.
3-6 Hold Working Group meetings to consider the research method, the results, and ways to use the research results to develop parameters and activity data.
3-7 Estimate emissions and removals based on the results of Activity 3-5.
3-8 Compile the results of the improvement into a report.
3-9 Determine the high priority LULUCF research theme and its priority issues that should be addressed in the further inventory cycle, taking into account the results of improvement
3-10 Hold a meeting with relevant institutions and other stakeholders to report on the results of activities based on the improvement guidance. (Combined with Activity 1-12.)

Inputs

Japanese side:

  • Long term expert: GHG Inventory (General)
  • Short term experts: GHG Inventory (Institutional arrangements, Energy 1, Energy 2, LULUCF1, LULUCF2, LULUCF3), Project administrative coordination/training
  • Workshops
  • Training in Japan
  • In-country training and/or third country training
  • Equipment: PC for data management etc.

Inputs

Mongolian side:

  • Counterpart personnel
  • Office space for the long term and short term experts
  • Space for meetings
  • Necessary operation costs

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