Finance Arrangements and Governance Modes Toward Sustainable Infrastructure: The Case of Urban Railway Projects in Manila, the Philippines
In recent years, the concept of sustainable infrastructure has gained popularity and is widely utilized and promoted by the international development community. However, implementation of sustainable infrastructure remains a challenge due to various enabling and disabling factors. This paper aims to fill the research gap in this area and investigate the factors that enable implementation of sustainable infrastructure by using the past railway projects in Manila as case studies, with a focus on the financial and governance aspects. The results suggest that public–private partnerships (PPPs) and international development finance are effective tools for implementing sustainable infrastructure, with some conditions, namely a mixture of vertical project management and horizontal process management, and the project environments having a positive effect on the trust building and collaboration among the stakeholders.
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